Singapore Hiring Guide for Founders: Passes & Quotas
Singapore’s foreign-hiring rules are easier to understand than they seem once you know the three key questions:
- What pass suits this role?
- Does my company have space under MOM’s quota rules?
- What steps do I follow before and after approval?
That’s the full decision process. Next, here’s how each part works.
- Hiring a professional or executive? Start with the Employment Pass (EP) — no quota or fee, but a minimum salary and COMPASS score are usually required.
- Hiring a skilled mid-level worker? Consider the S Pass — it has a quota limit and a S$650 monthly fee.
- Hiring operational or non-PMET workers? Use the Work Permit — sector rules, fees, source-country limits, and bonds apply.
- Your "manpower quota" combines the DRC, S Pass sub-quota, and source caps — it's not just one number.
What Passes Are Available for Me to Apply For?
This is your first step. The pass type affects everything else — your job ad, quota check, and compliance tasks.
| Pass | Best for | Minimum Declared Salary |
|---|---|---|
| Employment Pass (EP) | Professionals, managers, executives, technical hires | S$5,600/month (S$6,200 in financial services); rises with age. Usually requires COMPASS score ≥ 40. |
| S Pass | Skilled mid-level hires | S$3,300/month (S$3,800 in financial services); rises with age. |
| Work Permit | Operational / non-PMET labour | No stated minimum — sector, occupation, source-country, and age conditions apply. |
| Personalised Employment Pass (PEP) | Senior talent who need job flexibility | S$22,500/month to apply; must earn S$270,000/year to maintain. |
| ONE Pass | Top global talent, exceptional founders | S$30,000/month (last 12 months or prospective), or outstanding achievement. |
| EntrePass | Venture-backed or IP-driven founders | No salary floor — must hold ≥30% of a Singapore Pte Ltd that is venture-backed or owns innovative technology. |
| Dependant's Pass / LTVP | Families of main pass holders | Main pass holder usually needs ≥S$6,000/month; parents require S$12,000. |
Founder’s simple rule: For core team hires (product, growth, finance, ops), use EP first. For mid-level skilled hires at S Pass salary, check the quota before making an offer. For founding operator or innovation roles, use EntrePass or ONE Pass.
What Is Your Manpower Quota?
“Manpower quota” is not just one number. It combines three limits working at the same time:
Dependency Ratio Ceiling (DRC) — limits the total number of Work Permit and S Pass holders in your workforce.
S Pass sub-quota — limits S Pass holders to 10% in services or 15% in construction, manufacturing, marine shipyard, and process sectors.
Source-country/NTS-OL sub-caps — additional limits for workers from Non-Traditional Sources (NTS) or Mainland China.
| Sector | DRC (WP + S Pass) | S Pass cap | Levy payable | Key sub-cap notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Services | 35% | 10% of total workforce | WP: S$300–S$800 (by tier & skill) · S Pass: S$650 flat | PRC WP holders capped at 8%; NTS-OL cap 8%; food establishments need valid SFA licensing |
| Manufacturing | 60% | 15% | WP: S$250–S$650 · S Pass: S$650 flat | PRC cap 25%; NTS-OL cap 8% |
| Construction | 83.3% | 15% | WP: S$250–S$900 · S Pass: S$650 flat | ≥10% of WP holders must be Higher-Skilled (R1) before new R2 hires or renewals |
| Process | 83.3% | 15% | WP: S$200–S$650 · S Pass: S$650 flat | Sector eligibility and safety course requirements apply |
| Marine shipyard | 75% | 15% | WP: S$350–S$500 · S Pass: S$650 flat | Prior approval may be needed for some NTS/PRC cases |
The Hiring Workflow: What Happens in What Order
- Security bond (S$5,000 per non-Malaysian worker)
- Medical insurance (≥S$60,000/year per worker)
- Work injury compensation insurance
- Housing
- Primary Care Plan (PCP) where required
5 Common Mistakes Founders Make
A Note for Tech and Startup Founders
Tech@SG(an EDB/EnterpriseSG support program) provides company endorsement that can lower the risk of EP rejection — covering up to 10 new EPs over 2 years, plus first renewals. It does not replace MOM approval but can help reduce delays for eligible fast-growing tech companies.
Starting January 2027,MOM will launch a special ONE Pass AI and Tech track to replace Tech. Pass with better terms.
Information is current as of 24 June 2026. Always verify against the latest MOM guidance before filing. Key sources:MOM EP eligibility ·MOM S Pass quota and levy ·MOM Work Permit key facts ·EDB Tech@SG
Appendix
*NTS-OL: Non-Traditional Source Occupation List (NTS-OL)
**Higher-skilled worker levy for Singapore’s construction sector
